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Earp Vendetta Ride
The Earp Vendetta Ride was a search by Deputy U.S. Marshal Wyatt Earp, leading a federal posse, for outlaw Cowboys they believed had ambushed and maimed Virgil Earp and killed Morgan Earp. The Earp brothers had been attacked in retaliation for the deaths of three Cowboys in the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral on October 26, 1881. From March 20 to April 15, 1882, the federal posse searched southeast Cochise County, Arizona Territory for suspects in both Virgil's and Morgan's attacks. Several suspects had been freed by the court, owing in some cases to legal technicalities and in others to the strength of alibis provided by Cowboy confederates. Up to this point, Wyatt had relied on the legal system to bring the Cowboys to justice. Now he felt he had to take matters into his own hands.
On March 20, two days after Morgan's murder, Wyatt, his brothers Warren and James, Doc Holliday, and two other deputies were escorting Virgil and his wife Allie to a California-bound train in Benson. They learned that suspects Ike Clanton and Frank Stilwell were already in Tucson. Wyatt changed plans and stayed with Virgil through to Tucson. After Virgil boarded the train that night, Wyatt spotted two men near the train that he thought were Clanton and Stilwell. He and several men chased Stilwell down and killed him. The other person got away. After Stilwell's body was found the next morning, the Tucson Justice of the Peace issued warrants for the arrest of the five men suspected of shooting him. When the lawmen returned to Tombstone, Cochise County Sheriff Johnny Behan got a telegram notifying him of the Tucson warrants. He attempted to detain the five members of Earps federal posse sought by the warrants, but they ignored him. Carrying arrest warrants for Curly Bill Brocius and others, they left Tombstone to find the Cowboys implicated in the attacks.
Behan formed a Cochise County sheriff's posse consisting of deputies Phineas Clanton, Johnny Ringo, and about twenty other Cowboys and Arizona ranchers. Based on the local warrants, they followed the Earp posse and set out to arrest the five men. The large sheriff's posse came close to but never engaged the much smaller Earp posse. The latter received help from local businessmen and ranchers, and at one point, published a letter in a Tombstone newspaper taunting Behan and his men. The federal posse ultimately killed four men. These deaths started with the shooting of Stilwell and ended with the killing of Brocius. On about April 15 the Earps and some of their associates rode out of Arizona Territory and headed for New Mexico Territory.
== Background ==
After a long-simmering feud and increasing animosity and threats, Tombstone town Marshal Virgil Earp, Assistant Town Marshal Morgan Earp, and temporary deputy marshals Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday confronted outlaw Cowboys Billy Claiborne, Ike and Billy Clanton, and Tom and Frank McLaury in the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral on October 26, 1881. The 30-second gunfight is generally regarded as the most famous gunfight in the history of the American Wild West. The lawmen killed three of the Cowboys during the gunfight. Ike Clanton filed murder charges, and after a month-long preliminary hearing, Justice of the Peace Wells Spicer found that the lawmen had acted within their duty. But Spicer's finding did not end the matter for Clanton and other Cowboys.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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